Tell us what you're looking for and we'll do our best to make it work! Beginning in 2009, the Glass Packaging Institute provided production data. In its most basic formula, corn starch adhesive has very little moisture resistance, which would cause the composite layers of corrugated board to separate in high humidity conditions. Gaposis that originates at the palletizer dramatically increases the potential for damage. Studies have shown that corrugated under a constant load with cycled moisture has experienced accelerated creep or deformation of the material, leading to premature box failure. The data below are from 1960 to 2018, relating to the total number of tons of paper and paperboard generated, recycled, composted, combusted with energy recovery and landfilled. EPA based its generation estimates on data supplied by the Steel Recycling Institute (SRI). If other suppliers could provide measurement devices, please inform FEFCO. Corrugated never should be stored in direct contact with the floor as that invites contamination and damage from a variety of sources. Relative humidity is the amount of water the air can hold at a given temperature, so there is a direct relationship between temperature and humidity. In establishing practices meant to assure that corrugated is fit for its intended purposes, the guidelines are, Keep out of reach of hazardous conditions, and, Handle with care., _____________________________________________________________________________________________, Sterling Anthony is a consultant, specializing in the strategic use of marketing, logistics, and packaging. Sources: Aluminum Association data are used for generation of aluminum packaging and recycling of aluminum cans. 2 0 obj FEFCO 1952 - 2022. What are some specific problems caused by moisture? If you work in the seafood industry, you know exactly how delicate the process of transporting the latest catch to its point of sale can On April 28, we join the rest of Canada in observing the Day of Mourning. Acceptance Conditions and Procedure for Certifying Bodies, World standards - Comparison testing methods FEFCO / EN / ISO / TAPPI, FEFCO Technical Specifications for Converting Equipment_V1.2, The updated document is now available here, this plant can guarantee that the product delivered to the customer fulfils all. producers, packers or suppliers) are responsible for ensuring the quality, safety, and hygiene not only of food, but also of packaging. Berry et al., 2019; Peleg, 1993), and thus the value of EMC (equilibrium moisture content, kg/m 3 ) is estimated by using the PFP model as shown in Equation (15 Corrugated boxes also represent the largest single product of recycled paper and paperboard containers and packaging. it means that all the well known requirements of other standards are met (e.g. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS <>/XObject<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Colder temperatures hold less moisture. If your boxes are crushing while stacked in your facility, or if you are planning to send product to areas where high humidity is prevalent, please contact us and allow FlexPAC to help you find the right solutions to your problems. We know, boxes are not rocket science. In the end, supply chains suffer, manufacturer-retailer relationships are jeopardized, and consumers wind up paying. To put it another way, dont treat damage research like an Easter egg hunt. The data below are from 1960 to 2018, relating to the total number of tons of glass containers generated, recycled, composted, combusted with energy recovery and landfilled. Easy Way to Analyze Moisture Content of Corrugated Boxes During production of corrugated boards, manufacturers often face a unique problem caused by inaccurate control of moisture; if the moisture content of the corrugated box is higher, it may leads to collapsing of the box. Fortunately, combating the harmful effects of low humidity need not be complicated or expensive. Moisture not only affects corrugated functionally, it also diminishes the appearance of the container. Typical analog range is 0-10% moisture and up to as much as 40%, subject to . Less-than-ideal or fluctuating conditions reduce their effectiveness and shorten their useful life. Wandering around hoping to find treasuresor in this case, problemsisnt a strategy when so much money is on the line. How to ensure your best conveying project yet. Get a Free Quote. Box 43176; Detroit, MI 48243; 313-531-1875 office; 313-531-1972 fax; sterlinganthony1@sbcglobal.net; www.pkgconsultant. Learn about the "gold standard" in quality. FEFCO has updated the GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) document in March 2020. Extreme cold also affects moisture content, making the boxes more fragile. Cardboard too much water, will affect its normal use. The corrugated industry produces the N1 transport packaging in the world. At 85% RH, a box has 50% of its potential stacking strength. Approximately 20.6 percent of the other miscellaneous packaging was combusted with energy recovery, while the majority was landfilled (79.4 percent). Although it would be difficult to calculate the reduction of strength under fluctuating conditions over time, the chart below (Protective Packaging for Distribution, 2010) is used to determine the compression strength loss over time under various environmental conditions. If the relative humidity is low, the corrugated will give up moisture. Please see the EPA Methodology Document for further information on estimating the generation and management of paper and paperboard. We have the experience to ask the right questions to ensure the boxes we provide you will meet your products needs and will remain structurally sound. FEFCO has updated the GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) document in March 2020. In other words, this cannot be a needle in a haystack approach. 2 0 obj The Reel Identification and Finishing Guidelines published in December 2017 has been developed by FEFCO together with Cepi ContainerBoard (CCB) and contains the principles for reels labelling as well as core requirements. The corrugated industry is acting in an environment where the requirements of customers are getting more and more strict and demanding. The data below are from 1960 to 2018, relating to the total number of tons of aluminum containers and packaging generated, recycled, composted, combusted with energy recovery and landfilled. Kiln dried pallets have a much lower moisture content (~19%), and they will not release moisture when shipped because this MC is below the EMC in sea containers. Logically, the more packaging there is, the more protection there should be. it meets the requirements of EU Regulation 1935/2004/EG and EU Regulation 2023/2006 concerning the GMP implementation during the manufacturing of packaging intended for food from corrugated board. Keywords: Relative humidity, Moisture, Scumming, Ink peeling, Crisp, Temperature, Flute, Liner, Curling. SRI also provided recycling data for steel containers and packaging. Because corrugated is hygroscopic, the relative humidity of the storage area should be maintained within favorable tolerances. Access Packaging World's free educational content library! On the other hand, there is the potential for a significant amount of undamaged product being rejected. So, although eliminating damages completely from supply chains is unrealistic, companies can approach the issue pragmatically and establish a system to measure and monitor the process so improvements can be made more efficiently. They can pull the pallet and put it in a re-coup area and submit a claim to the manufacturer. On the surface this number might seem small, but the ramifications can be quite large. Facts and Figures about Materials, Waste and Recycling, Advancing Sustainable Materials Management: Facts and Figures Report page, Paper and Paperboard Containers and Packaging. Contact us to get started on your next project. See how our expertise and rigorous standards can help organizations like yours. Additionally, the combustion of containers and packaging was 7.4 million tons (21.5 percent of total combustion with energy recovery) and landfills received 30 . If no, please comment on how we could improve this response. Incredibly, it has been found that improper palletization can result in boxes losing up to 50% of their compression strength! Moisture Resistant Adhesives (MRA) of 0.5%-1.0% liquid resin (assuming 50% solids content) shall be used in the converting process for boxes manufactured in Europe, North America, and Australia. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. This site is operated by a business or businesses owned by Informa PLC and all copyright resides with them. After the manufacturing process, the corrugated board is cut into sheets and stored in a stack until optimum moisture content has been reached in order to The most common culprit of compression-loss is boxes hanging over the edge of the pallet. This too can cause significant compression losses in the unit load. Corrugated boxes were the largest single product category of MSW in 2018 at 33.3 million tons generated, or 11.4 percent of total generation. Informa Markets, a trading division of Informa PLC. shippers) accounting for the overwhelmingly majority of that volume. The boxes they need for shipping represent, on average, less than 1% of the value of their contents. )3$q:z]==V/_WwOw~cogf8{<>E5ep8\3^G}`*Y Manual operations are slowed and automated case erectors are jammed. We remember those who have lost their liv From their unique branding depicting the legend of the '@BlastedChurch' to their award-winning wines & strong commu On the one hand, the story of Okanagan Falls, BC, winery Blasted Church Vineyards is similar to many others in the region. Ideally, there should be no gaps between cases that are stacked on top of each other. Facts and Figures about Materials, Waste and Recycling. The results clearly indicated that 8-12% moisture content is most suitable for corrugated board need to taken into consideration by manufacturers as well as printers. Moisture and temperature are important considerations when discussing the strength and longevity of corrugated boxes. Many important moisture processes within corrugated packaging during optimal shipping conditions were investigated and these provide useful base-line information for . While the recycling of corrugated boxes is by far the largest component of paper packaging recycling, smaller amounts of other paper packaging products also enter the recycling stream (estimated at about 1.8 million tons in 2018). The total amount of paper and paperboard combusted in 2018 was 4.2 million tons. The estimated amount of glass containers recycled in 2018 was 3.1 million tons, or 31.3 percent of generation. After recycling, the combustion of corrugated boxes was 230,000 tons, and landfills received 940,000 tons in 2018. All actors of the supply chain (e.g. These latter quantities are not well documented, but the Agency estimated that amount of generation was 340,000 tons in 2018, none of which moved on to recycling or composting. Nondurable goods include products such as office papers, newspapers, tissue paper, and paper plates and cups. Store boxes off the floor, on pallets or other flat dunnage. In 2018, the recycling rate of generated packaging and containers was 53.9 percent. As much as 11% of unit loads arriving at a distribution center have some level of case damage. So whereas the guidelines presented in this article are relevant for virgin corrugated, they are more so for recycled corrugated. Aluminum recycling represents aluminum cans only. BRC/IOP, MCAS) and therefore multi-audits are superfluous. His contact information is: 100 Renaissance Center- P.O. 1 0 obj Paper containers and packaging, excluding corrugated boxes, had a recycling rate of 20.8 percent, while corrugated boxes had a recycling rate of 96.5 percent in 2018. The pallet is designated as damaged on delivery from the plant, and the carrier takes it back. The heartbreak of gaposis frequently threatens case integrity. PCR Content Popularity Gains on the Horizon, unPACKed podcast: MRFs & Flexible Packaging Need to Coexist, Food Lion Brand Demos Advanced Recycling-Based Circular System. For example, at 50% relative humidity (RH) a corrugated box is at 80% of its potential stacking strength. EPA included estimates for some other miscellaneous packaging, such as bags made of textiles and small amounts of leather. A lock (LockA locked padlock) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. Source: Paper and Paperboard information is from the American Forest & Paper Association. 4 0 obj Gather the data you need to create insights that will help you reduce risk, increase efficiency, and improve performance across your organization. Ensure that pallets are free of nails, large splinters, and other sharp objects that can damage corrugated boxes. Higher humidity levels can drastically affect corrugate strength. Extreme cold also affects moisture content, making the boxes more fragile. Heat and humidity are the two biggest enemies of packaging strength. A property of corrugated is flat-crush resistance; even so, that property should not be exceeded by superimposed weights. Corrugated is an engineered material, specified by paper grade, flute, style, manufacturers joint, and adhesivemainly. <>>> % A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Informa PLC's registered office is 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG. Water is used in the corrugated board production and aids in creating the liner board, forming the flute structure, and as part of the starch adhesive that combines them. All-in-one pharma carton printer streamlines production process, Improve line with portable high-speed cameras, Pepsi, Fanta Consider Digital Space in Spate of Soda Facelifts. Pallets made with green wood can have a moisture content (MC) ranging from 50-100% and can easily contain more than ten pounds of water. line startup. Get a deep dive into our standards, chapter-by-chapter, individually or as a team. Learn more about the communities and organizations we serve. Additionally, 16.9 percent of the plastic containers and packaging waste generated was combusted with energy recovery, while the remainder (over 69 percent) was landfilled. Containers and packaging make up a major portion ofmunicipal solid waste (MSW), amounting to 82.2 million tons of generation in 2018 (28.1 percent of total generation). An official website of the United States government. Still have a question about the data? Avoid temperature and humidity extremes and fluctuations in storage areas. In addition to accreditation, certification, and verification, we provide tools and resources for health care professionals that can help make a difference in the delivery of care. After all, they must need the product (they ordered it, right?). corrugated boxes. Despite its repetitive nature, this exercise presupposes a certain level of risk for product damage. Stretch Wrapper + Film Cost and ROI Calculator, 6075 Lakeside Blvd <> A simple, effective solution can be to choose an area within the facility that is least susceptible to high-humidity conditions; for example, rather than an area close to the loading docks, with their routine raising of doors and the ingress of humidity, a better area is one that is farther into the interior of the facility. 4dn2PE;o%jM ]oPk3x H7,9F;* F#u ghEIk*aMx\EV)lDPf!>%{ m sHq*XJmNl3p#N3)}X6uUWZWmH[7V{!+)HD?^M@=L`dTm.tVm$Ex7D`9X$W;$_4H+W+Qoj%H rAbuZrVI4*S~BA/9xd)0u In very humid environments, such as a warehouse with an uncontrolled climate in the summertime, stacking strength is greatly reduced. MoistTech is very experienced with the requirements in the corrugated board moisture control process. Editorial changes only: Format changes only. Check out our self-paced learning resources and tools including books, accreditation manuals and newsletters. Set expectations for your organization's performance that are reasonable, achievable and survey-able. Reactions . Given the economic and environmental costs vs. benefits of different materials, designs, applications and logistical operations, whats the best way to effectively manage these variables to make the most appropriate packaging decisions? Too much moisture can lead to weakened cellulose fibers, delamination, and weakened glue bonds. Train your staff with a tool to quickly and efficiently assess standards compliance with our Hospital Compliance Assessment Workbook. The amount of moisture in a board has a significant effect in the material's properties such as printability, shrinkage, dimensional stability, and physical strength. Many suppliers have paper or cardboard distribution boxes that are designed for use in laboratory, pharmacy, patient care areas or sterile storage areas. Some easy-to-overlook culprits are storage and handling practices. Corrugated cardboard boxes are susceptible to moisture, water, vermin and bacteria during warehouse or storeroom storage, as well as transportation environments. Find out about the current National Patient Safety Goals (NPSGs) for specific programs. The generation of steel food cans and other cans, and other steel packaging (e.g., strapping, and steel barrels and drums), totaled 2.2 million tons in 2018 (0.8 percent of total MSW generation), with most of that amount representing cans for food products. There are those owing to dimensional changes: the corrugated absorbs moisture causing it to swell, warp, or distort to whatever degree. One solution to this problem is to stabilize the load by using stretch wrap. We help you measure, assess and improve your performance. Registered in England and Wales. 4 Zesty Trends in Food and Beverage Packaging, 2023 Heralds Useful Ideas for Packaging Progress. The amount of wood pallet recycling (usually by chipping for uses such as mulch or bedding material, but excluding wood combusted as fuel) in 2018 was 3.1 million tons. *dzg&;RIhi? Pepsi and Fantas respective new visual identities are optimized for both analog, physical spaceslike packagingand for the online and digital worlds. %PDF-1.5 Moisture Range for Paper: 4% to 18% Moisture range for baled scrap paper: 6% to 40% Selection of paper types : 3 The setting of Tolerance limits Displays Pass-Fail Report Average of up to 100 readings displayed Data storage: max 300 readings (100 per paper type) Inbuilt Calibration Facility Battery Type: Compact 9V Alkaline Battery Saving mode This web page is a brief summary of paper and paperboard material-specific data. Still have a question about the data? Moisture Content Takes a Leading Role. Learn how working with the Joint Commission benefits your organization and community. All rights reserved. EPA used data on resin sales from the American Chemistry Council to estimate the generation of plastic containers and packaging in 2018. Copyright 2023. Aesthetically, corrugated takes on a faded, dried-out appearance, even through kraft-brown liners. endobj Corrugate is 71% weaker at 95% humidity vs. 50% humidity. Wood packaging includes mostly wood pallets, as well as wood crates. It combines loading pallets straight and turned. stream Find the exact resources you need to succeed in your accreditation journey. This is why dew forms when the temperature drops. Shock and vibration can affect stiff trailers with no cushion load. All rights reserved. We also collaborate with our supply chain partners to develop the optimal packaging materials for your specific needs. In honour of #EarthDay, our amazing team shared 'One Thing I Do For Earth Day'. FEFCO Technical Specifications for Converting Equipment_V1.2is meant to support all those in the industry who are involved in selecting converting machines, defining the specifications of the machines, commissioning the machines and using them after installation. Surprisingly, the top tier is third on the vulnerability scale. Consequently, if a few boxes are unusable, the loss involved is relatively insignificant, right? Throughout its time in storage and up to the time its erected into a box, corrugated should remain flat and never stored on its edge. Excessive moisture or water can soften or dissolve the corrugating adhesive, causing delamination; a box that literally falls apart won't offer much protection. Cardboard in storage quantities (recommend consultation with your Fire Marshal) should be placed in hazardous areas protected per LS.02.01.30 and cannot obstruct the means of egress in accordance with standard LS.02.01.20. The porosity of wood fibers, which is what corrugated boxes are made of, allows it to absorb and release moisture, a phenomenon that isknown as hygroscopy. Moisture and temperature are important considerations when discussing the strength and longevity of corrugated boxes. Represents the most recent date that the FAQ was reviewed (e.g. Solid fiber Offering versatility and durability, solid fiber is designed to be stronger and more moisture resistant than corrugated packaging. The net import of unfilled aluminum cans is estimated from data collected by the Department of Commerce. Another way to stabilize, secure and protect loads in a trailer is by using dunnage, such as air bags, partitions, braces and load locks. In this table below published in the Handbook of Package Engineering (c.1992), you can see that the greater the humidity the less stacking strength a box has. Most plants are now checking their combined board's total moisture content, measuring it off of the dry end of the corrugator with an automatic weighing and drying oven (see Special Note). x[oH |EX,NC$NCw?R' -%k(;=! The boxes provide the intended protection against damage, leakage or other loss. He can be reached at[emailprotected]. Containers and packaging include products such as corrugated boxes, milk cartons, and bags and sacks (See the definitions of nondurable goods and containers and packaging for more information). Much as it would be convenient to attribute dents, rips, and punctures to the products themselves, the inconvenient truth is the supply chain is an imperfect mover. And if there has to be an investment in storage racks, a favorable tradeoff is that the specified heights of unit loads can be increased, leading to increased storage densities, and later, increased handling efficiencies. Other paper packaging, such as cartons and sacks, is mostly recycled as mixed papers. They also provide sales and marketing benefits. endobj Containers and packaging products in MSW are made of several materials: paper and paperboard, glass, steel, aluminum, plastics, wood, and small amounts of other materials. First, learn whether the damage occurred in manufacturing, distribution or in transit. Corrugated boxes can protect even the most fragile items, including glass and chemical liquids.